This course is a general survey of African history from 1800 providing students with
an historical framework for interpreting the current state of African societies and
their relations with the World. The principal objective of the course is to teach
students to think critically for themselves about the relationships between the past
and the present, to learn to ask questions of the past that enable them to understand
the present and mold the future, and to become attuned to both the limitations and
possibilities of change.  The course seeks to acquaint students with the ways in
which past societies and peoples have defined the relationships between community and
individual needs and goals, and between ethical norms and decision-making.

In general students will be expected to: 

1. read a wide range of primary and secondary sources critically.

2. polish skills in critical thinking, including the ability to recognize the
difference between opinion and evidence, and the ability to evaluate--and support or
refute--arguments effectively.

1- Introduction to Africa's geography
2- West Africa in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries 
3- Southern Africa to 1850
4- Prelude to the Scramble or Conquest of Africa
5- The Scramble for Africa 
6- Historical Debates on the Conquest of Africa
7- Industrialization and the 'New Empirialism'
8- British Colonialism in Nigeria
9- Africa and World War I
10- French Colonialism and Conscription
11- Africa and World War II
12- Collaboration and Resistance
13- Westernization and Nationalism
14- Indirect Rule and ‘Native’ Administrators
15- Africans Winning Independence
16- Winning Independence in Kenya
17- Colonial and National Identities
18- Africa and the Cold War
19- The CIA in Angola
20- The Struggle Against Apartheid in South Africa
21- The Fall of Apartheid: Mandela	
22- Problems of Independence