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Foundations of Earth Systems History: Life, Climate, & Environmental Change


Course Description

Earth’s history is fundamental for understanding links among the hydrosphere (oceans, rivers), cryosphere (glaciers, ice sheets), geosphere (Earth), biosphere (life), and atmosphere (greenhouse gases, climate) through time. Innovative discoveries provide the framework for quantitative assessments, research, and writing projects addressing current and future decisions for Earth and its resources.


Athena Title

Found of Earth Systems History


Equivalent Courses

Not open to students with credit in GEOL 1122, GEOL 1122H, GEOL 2360H


Semester Course Offered

Offered spring


Grading System

A - F (Traditional)


Student Learning Outcomes

  • Students will analyze the theories of how life evolved on Earth and life’s potential to be found on other planets, their earliest putative habitats, and their major contribution to Earth’s climate and environmental change starting ~ 3.8 billion years ago and continuing to today.
  • Students will analyze the theories of how life evolved on Earth and life’s potential to be found on other planets, their earliest putative habitats, and their major contribution to Earth’s climate and environmental change starting ~ 3.8 billion years ago and continuing to today.
  • Students will critique and synthesize major trends in body size evolution in relation to increasing oxygen levels over Earth’s history and chart the trajectory of life from early microscopic organisms to some of the largest multicellular creatures on Earth (i.e., fungi and forests, dinosaurs and whales).
  • Student will examine data on species diversification and mass extinctions with a goal of applying adaptation and resiliency concepts that are fundamental concepts for resolving current and future conservation issues.

Topical Outline

  • I. Reading the Sedimentary and Fossil Rock Record Depositional Environments Principles of Geology Fun with Rocks: Test Your Skills at Interpreting the Rock Record
  • II. Concepts and Applications Relating to the Rock Record Evolution Relative Geologic Time Scale Origin and Early Evolution of the Universe, Earth, Atmosphere, and Oceans Mountain Building and Drifting Continents (Plate Tectonics)
  • III. Evolution of the Earth: Archaean and Proterozoic History Earth's Earliest Continental Crust What is Life? Origin of Life on Earth Geobiology and Tectonics
  • IV. Evolution of the Earth: Early Paleozoic Tectonics and Geobiology
  • V. Evolution of the Earth: Middle Paleozoic Tectonics and Geobiology
  • VI. Evolution of the Earth: Late Paleozoic Tectonics and Geobiology Extinctions and Recovery from Extinctions
  • VII. Evolution of the Earth: Mesozoic Era Tectonics and Geobiology Mass Extinction
  • VIII. Evolution of the Earth: Cenozoic Era Tectonics and Geobiology Pleistocene Glaciation, advent of humans and the Anthropocene

General Education Core

CORE II: Physical Sciences